Q- What do you mean by disease?
Answer- Disease is any deleterious deviation from the normal structural or functional state of an organism, usually associated with certain signs and symptoms and differing in nature from a physical injury. A sick organism usually shows signs or symptoms indicating that it is abnormal.
Thus, the normal state of an organism must be understood in order to recognize the characteristics of the disease. However, a clear line between disease and health is not always apparent.
Disease
Disease refers to any harmful deviation from the normal structural as well as the functional state of an organism, generally associated with certain signs & symptoms and differing in nature from physical injury. An infected organism commonly exhibits certain signs or symptoms indicative of its abnormal state.
Therefore, the normal condition of a living organism must be understood in order to recognize the hallmarks of the disease.
The study of any disease is called pathology. This name is given on the basis of pathogens because diseases are caused due to pathogens of certain diseases. It involves the determination of the cause (etiology) of the disease, and the understanding of the mechanisms of its development. The mechanism of development of the pathogen of any disease is determined by pathogenesis.
Causes of Disease
The initial cause of the diseased condition may reside in the individual organism itself, and the disease is then said to be idiopathic, innate, primary, or “essential”.
It can result from medical treatment, either as an unavoidable side effect or because the treatment itself was not wise; in both cases, the disease is classified as androgenic.
Finally, the disease can be caused by an agent external to the body, such as a chemical that is a toxic agent. In this case, the disease is not transmissible; that is, it only affects the individual organism exposed to it.
The external agent may itself be a living organism capable of multiplying inside the host and subsequently infecting other organisms; in this case, the disease is said to be communicable.
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