Q- What do you mean by disease?
Answer- The term disease generally refers to any condition that impairs the normal functioning of the body. This is the reason why diseases are associated with the dysfunction of the normal homeostatic processes of the human body.
Generally, the term is used to refer specifically to infectious diseases, which are clinically obvious diseases resulting from the presence of pathogenic microbial agents, including viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, multicellular organisms, and aberrant proteins called let’s pray.
Class 9th Important Questions
- Define Immunization in biology
- What are disease agents? Give two examples
- Give two examples of chronic diseases
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What do you mean by disease class 9?
A disease is a particular abnormal condition that affects the structure or function of all or part of an organism in an adverse way but is not due to immediate external injury.
Diseases are often known to be medical conditions associated with specific signs and symptoms. Any disease needs a medium to spread such as pathogens or any other internal dysfunctions.
Such as Internal dysfunctions of the immune system can produce several varieties of different kinds of diseases, including various forms of immunodeficiency, hypersensitivity, allergies, and autoimmune diseases.
Illnesses can affect people not only physically, but also mentally, as contracting and living with an illness can alter an affected person’s outlook on life.
Death due to illness is called natural cause death. Diseases can also be classified using other methods, such as communicable or non-communicable diseases. The deadliest diseases in humans are coronary heart disease (obstruction of blood flow), followed by cerebrovascular disease and lower respiratory tract infections.
In developed countries, the diseases that cause the most illness overall are neuropsychiatric conditions, such as depression and anxiety.
Types of Diseases
There are several types of diseases. Some of the well-known disease categories are as follows:
1. Acquired disease: An acquired disease is a disease that began at some point in life, as opposed to a disease already present at birth, which is a congenital disease. It also appears that it may involve secondary disease, but acquired disease can be a primary disease.
2. Acute disease: Acute disease is a short-term (acute) illness; the term sometimes also evokes a fulminant nature
3. Chronic disease: Chronic disease is an illness that persists over time, often characterized as at least six months, but which can also include illnesses that are expected to last a natural lifespan.
4. Congenital disease: A congenital disorder is one that is present at birth. It can also be the result of an infection transmitted vertically from the mother, such as HIV / AIDS.
5. Genetic disease: A genetic disorder or disease is caused by one or more genetic mutations.
6. Hereditary or inherited disease: An inherited disease is a type of genetic disease caused by genetic uses that are inherited (and may run in families)
7. Iatrogenic disease: An iatrogenic disease or condition is a disease that is caused by medical intervention, either as a side effect of treatment or as an inadvertent result.
8. Idiopathic disease: Idiopathic disease has an unknown cause or source. For example, when germs were discovered it was learned that they were a cause of infection, but particular germs and diseases had not been linked. In another example, autoimmunity is known to be the cause of certain forms of type 1 diabetes mellitus, although the male molecular pathways by which it works are not yet understood. It is also common to know that certain factors are associated with certain diseases; however, association and causation are two very different phenomena, as a third cause could be at the origin of the disease, as well as an associated phenomenon.
9. Incurable disease: Incurable diseases are all diseases that cannot be cured or that do not have any recovery treatment. Incurable illnesses are not necessarily terminal illnesses, and sometimes the symptoms of an illness can be treated enough so that the illness has little or no impact on quality of life.
10. Primary disease: A primary disease is a disease due to a root cause of the disease, as opposed to a secondary disease, which is a sequel or a complication caused by the primary disease. For example, a cold is a primary illness, whereas rhinitis is a possible secondary illness or sequel. A doctor must determine which primary illness, a cold or bacterial infection, is causing a patient’s secondary rhinitis when deciding whether or not to prescribe antibiotics.
11. Secondary illness: A secondary disease is a disease that is a sequel or a complication of a previous causative disease, which is called the primary disease or simply the underlying cause (root cause).
For example, a bacterial infection can be primary, in which a healthy person is exposed to bacteria and becomes infected, or it can be secondary to a primary cause, which predisposes the body to infection.
For example, a primary viral infection that weakens the immune system could lead to a secondary bacterial infection. Likewise, a primary burn that creates an open wound could provide an entry point for bacteria and lead to secondary bacterial infection.
12. Terminal illness: A terminal illness is expected to have the inevitable result of death. Previously, AIDS was a terminal illness; it is now incurable, but can be managed indefinitely with medication.
Conclusion
Infection or colonization that does not and will not produce clinically obvious alterations in normal functioning, such as the presence of normal bacteria and yeast in the intestine, or a transient virus, is not considered to be a sickness.
In contrast, an infection that is asymptomatic during its incubation period, but which may produce symptoms later, is generally considered a disease.