Q- Give main characteristics of the division of Great peninsular plateau.
Answer- The peninsular plateau of India is composed of the old crystalline, igneous and metamorphic rocks. It is a tableland like structure. It was formed due to the breaking and drifting of the Gondawana land. It has abroad and shallow valley and rounded hills. It consists of two broad divisions:
1. Central Highlands
2. Deccan Plateau
Therefore the main characteristics of The Central Highland are as follows:
1. The Central Highland are made up of mainly igneous and metamorphic rocks.
2. In the north east of the Central Highland Aravali hills extends.
3. The Central Highland consists of further part in west of Malwa plateau and Chotanagpur region in east.
4. The Malwa plateau is drained in the southern tributaries of the Yamuna and the Ganga, Damodar river drains the Chotanagpur plateau.
5. The eastwards extensions of the Malwa plateau is known as ‘Bundelkhand’ and ‘Bughelkhand’ in south U.P and northern M.P.
The main characteristics of The Deccan Plateau are as follows:
1. The Deccan Plateau is one of the oldest earth blocks and is made up of hard igneous rocks and metamorphic rocks.
2. The Deccan Plateau extends from Narmada river to the Southern tip of the peninsular plateau.
3. The Deccan plateau contain a small, are called Deccan trap. The Deccan trap is formed due to volcanic activities as all the rocks in this are igneous rocks. The rocks in Deccan Trap have been demanded over time and are responsible for the formation of the black soil. Due to continuous flow of lava an extensive lava plateau has been formed which is commonly known as Deccan Trap.
4. Deccan plateau consist of black soil which very fertile for cultivation.