Q- who formed the Jacobin club? what majors had he taken to remove discrimination in the french society and form a French republic?
Answer- The Jacobin club was formed by Maximilian Robespierre. The majors taken or adopted were:-
1. Formation of political clubs:
Large sections of the society were convinced that the revolution had to be carried further, as the constitution of 1791 gave political rights only to the richer section of the society. Political clubs became an important rallying point for the people who wished to discuss government policies and plan their own form of actions.
2. Members of the Jacobin club:-
Its members were from less prosperous section of society. They included small shopkeepers, artisans like shoemakers, pastry cooks, watch-makers and daily wage earners. A large number of members of Jacobin club decided to wear long striped trousers, to look apart. The also wore red caps to symbolise freedom.
3. All citizens got the right to vote:-
On the morning of 10 August, 1792, Jacobins stormed the palace of tuileries, massacred the king’s guards and held the king hostage for several hours. Later, they voted to impression the royal family. Then the assembly declared that elections would be held to form a government. All men above 21 years of age regardless of wealth got right to vote.
4. Declaration of france as a republic:-
The newly elected assembly was called ‘Convention’. On 21 september, 1792, it abolished the monarchy and declared france as a republic. Now people elect their government. There was no hereditary monarchy.
5. End of monarchy:-
Louis 16 was sentenced to death by a court on the charges of betraying his own country. On 21 January, 1793, he was executed publically at the place de la concorde. The queen, marie Antoinette also met with a same fate.